System of electrical distribution



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. O. P. STEINMETZ. SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

No. 605,526. Patented June 14,1898.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. I

0. P. STEINMETZ. SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

No. 605,526. Patented June 14,1898.

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WW. WW M (No Model.) 3 Sheets--Sheet 3.

0'. P. STEINMETZ.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

No. 605,526. Patented June 14, 1898.

I u V ($434 14 M? UNITED Srn'rns PATENT Orricn.

' CHARLES I. STEINMETZ, OF SOHENEOTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE GENERALELEOTRIO COMPANY, OF NEW YORK.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRECAL ESTREBU'HON.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patentnacoame, dated June 14, 1898.

Application filed June 1'7, 1897. Serial No. 641,130. (No model.)

To all whom it m y n nas shown, to the collector-rings. With this Be it known'that I, OHARLESP. STEINMETZ, arrangement an electromotive force of disa citizen of the United States, residing at placed phase is maintained upon main 2, as

Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State of is now well understood in the art, so that the 5 Ne\vYoi'k,have invented certain new and useelectromotive forces between mains 1, 2, and 55 ful Improvements in Systems of Electrical 3 have a displaced phase'relation.

Distribution, (Case No. 585,) of which the fol-' The mains 1 3 extend over the district to lowing is a specification. be supplied, and transformers are connected The present invention relates to monocylic to them at suitable points to feed lights or IO systems of distribution and it consists in comother single-phase translating devices. Such 6o bining therewitha three-wire system whereby a transformer is shown at T. From the seclight and power may be efliciently and ecoondary winding extend three wires 8 9 10, nomically supplied from the same generator. which form a three-wire single-phase system. To these ends I provide a source of single- Lights L L or other single-phase translating phase electromotive force and connect thereto devices are connected in wherever required; 65 a three-wire system of the ordinary type, in but at points where it is desired to supply which the electromotive force across the outcurrent to multiphase translatin g devices I inside wires is equal to the sum of the elecstall two transformers T and T. The transtromotive forces between the two outside former T is similar to the transformer T alwires and the neutral wire. I connect to ready described. The transformer T is sup- 70 this three-wire system or to translating deplied from the coil 0 of the generator, and its vices connected thereto a source of dephased secondaryis interconnected-with the threeelectromotive force. In the preferred form wire system 4; 5 6, as shown. 4: and 5 are the of my invention I connect one terminal of outside wires of the three-wire system, and (J this source of dephased electromotive force is the neural wire. Single-phase translating 75 to one of the wires of the three-wire system, devices may be connected-between any two as the neutral wire, and from the other terof the wires 4 5 6. Multiphase translating minal of the source I carry a fourth or supdevices may be supplied from any two of the plementary wire to the distribution system. wires at 5 6 in conjunction with the fourth or I then connect single-phase translating desupplementary wire 7, which is fed by the So vices to the three-wire system in the ordinary transformer T with an electromotive force Way, and I connect multiphase translating displaced from the electromotive force of the 1 devices between any two wires of the threethree-wire system. wire system (but preferably the two outside For eXaniple,I have shown at M a motor of wires) and the supplementary wire. the monocyclic type whose field-winding is In the drawings attached to this specificaexcited by a direct-current machine E. Its tion, Figure 1 is a diagram of a distribution armature-coils, which are arranged in a mansystem embodying my presentimprovements, ner characteristic of the monocyclic system, and Figs. 2, 3, and 4: are views of slightlyare connected to the wires 4, 5, and 7. M is 0 modified forms. an induction-motor having a closed second- In Fig. 1, G is a generator having an armaary, and its primary windings are coupled and ture-coil O, connected to collector-rings R R, connected in the same manner as arethose of and a second coil 0, connected to an interthe motor M. mediate point in the first coil and to a third In most cases it is best to couple the mo- 45 collector-ring R The coil C is displaced tors, as just described, between the outside ninety degrees in the field of force relatively mains of the three-Wire system and the supto the coil O. E is a shunt-wound direct-curplementary main; but when a lower voltage rent eXciter regulated by the rheostat R and is desired in the motor-circuits they may be supplying current to the field-Winding O of coupled between the neutral wire and oneof 50 the generator 0. Mains 1 2 3 are connected, the outside mains of the three-wire system :3 coats and the supplen'ientary wire. lllotors ill. and. M are so connected and are similar in character to motors lit and Ill.

The (llStllbllilOl'l system shown in Fig. 2 is Very similar to that just described. It differs principally in the fact that the neutral main of the three-wire system extends all the way back to the generator instead of starting from one or more of the transformers, as in Fig. 1. The generator G and exciter It represented in this figure are the same as those in Fig. 1 with the addition of a fourth collector-ring I3 which is connected to a central point in the main. coil O of the generatorarmature. The mains 1 2 3, as shown herein, constitute the three-wire circuit, and the sup plementary main is marked The transformers T T, similar to the corresponding transformers in Fig. 1, are connected on the primary side to the mains 1 3 l and on the secondary side to 5 t3 7. The generator shown in this figure assumed to have its armature-coils so proportioned that there substantially sixty degrees difference of phase between the mains 1 3 and the main i as is the ease with the ordinary type of monocyclic generators now in use. In Fig. 1 the transformers are so wound and connected that they operate to change the voltage without shifting the phase relations. In Fig. 2, however, the number and arrangement of turns on the transformers are such that the d isplacement of phase on the secondary side is one hundred and twenty degrees, and therefore three-phase motors, as Iii, may be run from the mains 5 6 7. Groups of lamps L are fed from the mains l. 2 either directly or through the transformers T T T [it T there is shown a compensator or single-coil transformer connected to mains 1 2 3 and feeding multiple-series groups of lamps.

In Fig. 3 a system is shown differing from the preceding in the means for maintaining a displaced electromotive force on the supplementary main. The generator G in this form has a coil 0, connected to mains 1 2 through collector-rings R t. An independent coil 0, displaced ninety degrees in the field of force, is connected hy a circuit 23 l to the point or points Where motors are to be operated. Two transformers T T are used, as before, the primary coil of T being connected to the circuit 1 2 and the primary coil of T to the circuit i. The secondary of the transformer T lea s to the outside mains 5 (3 of a threewire system, the neutral main 7 being joined to the center of the secondary coil. The secondary winding of transformer T has one terminal connected to the supplementary main. 8 and the other to the neutral main. 7. Lamps Ii may now be run from the mains 5 6 7 and motors M from the circuit 5 (3 8.

In Fig. i the power-generator consists of an ordinary single-phase alternator G, con nected to mains l. 2. d compensator T, for

which of course a suitable transfornier or arrangement of tri'tnsforniers may he sul'istituted, is connected across the mains l. 2, and also to mains ii; 5 t5, forming the three-wire system. Lamps Ii are shown fed from the mains -l- 5 t3 through tra'nsl'ormers. llli Ill iil are motors, as before, hut in this case three phase motors hayiire two of their coils eon- IlOClJOd to the mains -t and the third coil connected to the supplemen ary main 7. The motors will equalize by transfer of energy over the main 7, and as long; as anyone of them is running any other can he istarted hy the out-of-phase electromotive force thus created on the fourth or supplementary main.

It will be seen that with my lllll'll'OVOtl tem I am able to effect a great economy of copper. For example, in Fig. 1 it is only nee ssary to run two wires to any lniih'line; in which lights only are required, while hy the addition of a single suymlemeutary wire motors also may be supplied. On the seeondary circuits all. the advantages of the thrcewire system are secured, as well as the advantages of the multiphase stems.

I do not claim herein the speci tic generator shown in Fig. 2, as sue-h generator terms the subjectanatter of my application, heriafl No. 536,411, filed January 2%, 1895, which appli cation is to be regarded as subordinate to this present application.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-- 1. In a system of electrical. distrilnition, and in combination, a generator having a main coil, and a supplemental coil at an angle thereto connected at one end to an iutermediate point in the main cell, a tln'eearire distribution system :fed lrom the main coil, and a multiph se translating deyiee fed from. both coils.

2. In a system of electrical distribution, a source of current haying a main coil, and a supplementary coil com'iected to an intermediate point in the main coil, means for producing an electromotiye force of displaced phase in the supplemental coil, a three-wire single-phase LllSiJlflbll'tltHl system fed from the main coil, and a multiphase translatin due vice fed from both coils.

3. The combination of a source of singlephase currents, a two-wire circuit leading" therefrom, a transformer connectedv to said circuit, a tln'ee-wire single-plmsc systen'i fed from the secondary of the train-,iformer, and a fourth or supplementary wire on which a dephased electromotive force is maintained interconnected with the tlnree-wire system.

it. The combination of a generator of sin g lt phase current-s having a main coil, an additional coil on said generator so displaced as to he the seat of an ont-of-phase electromotirc force, a two-wire circuit leadingl'rom said new orator to a transformer, a three-wire singlephas system fed from the secoiulary elf the transformer, and a fourth or supplementary wire fed from the said additional coil, and multiphase translating devices fed from the three-wire system and from the fourth wire.

5. The combination of a source of singlephase current, a single-phase three-wire distribution system fed therefrom, a single supplementary wire, and a source of dephased electromotive force connected between the three-wire system and the supplementary wire, single-phase translating devices and multiphase translating devices, the singlephase translating devices being fed from the three-wire system, and the multiphase translating devices being fed from the three-wire system and from the supplemental Wire.

6. The combination with the main singlephase armature-winding of an alternatingcurrent generator, of a transformer which on one side is connected to the said armaturewinding and on the other side to a singlephase three-wire system, and an additional source of dephased electromotive force connected to the neutral wire of the three-wire system, and to a fourth or supplementary wire which forms, Withtwo wires of the three-wire system, a multiphase distribution system.

7. The combination with an alternating-current three-wire system of a source of dephased electromotive force connected between the neutral wire of said system and a fourth or supplementary wire, single-phase translating devices connected to the three-wire system, and multiphase translating devices connected to the three-wire system and to the supplementary wire, whereby the four said wires form a complete system suitable for the distribution of light and power.

8. The combination with the main armature-winding of a monocyclic generator, of two rings connected to the terminals of said winding, an additional armature-coil con nected at one end to an intermediate point on the said winding and at its other end to a third ring, a field-magnet in inductive relation to said armature, connections from two of the first-mentioned rings to a transformer, a three-wire single-phase system fed from the secondary of said transformer, an additional transformer connected at one end to a wire leading from the third ring and at the other end to an intermediate point in the primary of the first-mentioned transformer, a connection from one terminal of the secondary of said additional transformer to the neutral Wire of the three-wire system and from the other terminal to a fourth or supplementary Wire, single-phase translating devices connected to the three-Wire system, and multiphase translating devices connected to the three-wire system and to the fourth or supplementary wire.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this th day of June, 1897.

CHARLES P. STEINMETZ.

Witnesses:

B. B. HULL, E. W. OAnY. 

